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    Home » Wild Fruit Varieties

    Sand Cherry (Prunus Pumila)

    Published: Feb 11, 2023 Modified: Feb 22, 2023 by Alan Bergo This post may contain affiliate links 2 Comments

    An under-appreciated wild fruit, the Sand Cherry (Prunus pumila) is relatively large for a wild cherry, with more flesh than its cousins chokecherry and black cherry. I think more people should know about them, but after you taste their rich, dark cherry flavor you might want to keep their secret all to yourself.

    Black cherries on a bush
    Sand cherries.

    These don't get as much attention as other cherries, and some people don't even know sand cherries are edible! In this post I'll go over everything I've learned about them, with tips on harvesting, storing, and cooking to help you get the most from them.

    Description

    A native North American plant, the Sand Cherry (Prunus pumila) and it's cousin Appalachian Sand Plum (Prunus susquehanea) are a small, branched shrub that grows in dry, sandy, and rocky soil across the Midwest to the Eastern Seaboard. There's also a Western sand cherry (Prunus pumila var besseyi).

    the Wisconsin pine barrens in August
    The Wisconsin pine barrens.

    The dark green leaves are simple and narrowly elliptic. The bark is grayish brown. Similar to other cherries the plant is susceptible to cherry knot, also known as black knot fungus (Apiosporina morbosa).

    Ripe sand cherries Prunus pumila
    green oval cherry leaves
    black knot fungus on a cherry branch
    Ripe sand cherries. Oval sand cherry leaves showing twigs that are red, and black knot fungus.

    How to Find Sand Cherries

    If you forage wild blueberries, finding sand cherries will be easy. Along with pin cherries and serviceberries, these love to grow in open habitats like pine barrens and areas with acidic soil. If you see sweetfern (Comptonia peregrina), blueberry bushes, jack pine trees and hazelnuts, you're just about guaranteed sand cherries will be nearby.

    A tray of sand cherries

    Harvesting Sand Cherries

    Sand cherries ripen a week or two after wild blueberries reach their peak during late July and Early August in the Midwest. If you're lucky, you can harvest other types of cherries at the same time.

    Different types of wild cherries in a bowl
    Pin cherries, black cherries and sand cherries.

    Harvesting sand cherries takes more time than gathering chokecherries. These are shrubs, not trees, and will only reach about 6 feet tall at the maximum. Taller plants will produce more cherries, but most that I see are under knee-height.

    Black cherries on a shrub in an open area
    Tall sand cherries will have more fruit.

    This means that places where the blueberries are the thickest probably isn't the best place to look for large amounts. I look in places around the barrens that haven't been burned for a few years where sand cherry bushes will be older with more fruit. On the East Coast they can be found near dunes, beaches and outwash plains.

    You can harvest the cherries by hand, but a more efficient way to get enough to cook with is to use a blueberry rake. Fruit rakes can also be used to harvest large amounts of wild cherries from trees in a short amount of time.

    Ripe Sand Cherries

    To get the best tasting fruit, you'll need to go at the end of blueberry season. Ripe sand cherries should be pitch black. Unripe sandcherries picked in the early summer, or those with even a hint of red to them, will be slightly bitter and astringent with an inferior flavor. 

    black and green cherries on a branch
    They may ripen unevenly.
    green cherries on a shrub
    Early Summer.

    Cooking with Sandcherries

    Just like with other wild cherries, you'll need to work around the pits. I'll cover a few different ways to do that.

    Some people have had success running cooked sand cherries through a Foley food mill to collect the cherry pulp. Removing wild cherry pits by hand is possible, but hardly worth the effort.

    Native American Uses

    Daniel E. Moerman writes that numerous tribes like Lakota, Pawnee and Menomonee use the fruit fresh and dried. Crushed, pits and all, the fruit is formed into cakes and dried, and can be made into sauces like wozapi.

    Wild cherries cooking in a pot with a wooden spoon
    Cooking fresh to extract a juice.

    Just like other cherries, these can be dehydrated whole and used to infuse liqueurs, or ground and sifted and added to baked goods as in my Traditional Siberian Bird Cherry Cake.

    a double layer purple cake made with cherry flour with cream cheese frosting
    Siberian bird cherry cake.

    From the Journals of Lewis and Clark, Wild Cherry Whiskey is the easiest thing to make. Cover sand cherries with good whiskey, allow them to infuse for a month, then strain. Sometimes I sweeten it with maple syrup.

    a glass of red liquid with ice cubes next to a bottle of whiskey
    Wild Cherry whiskey.

    Sand Cherry Syrup 

    My favorite sand cherry recipe is mixing the cooked juice with vinegar and sugar. It makes a delicious, black cherry syrup you can use with sweet and savory dishes, or mixed with soda water and drinks. Just use my Sweet and Sour Wild Berry, Cherry or Grape Syrup. Save the leftover pits and flesh to make Fruit Scrap Vinegar.

    A black syrup on a white plate with a spoon

    References

    Nature's Garden by Sam Thayer

    Native American Food Plants by Daniel E. Meorman

    Wild Berries and Fruits Field Guide of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan University Press, MN.

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    Reader Interactions

    Comments

    1. Olena Johnson

      March 08, 2023 at 11:52 am

      The best way to find them is to take a drive or hike in the spring to see where they bloom. They bloom at the same time as pin cherries. Also, sand cherries leaves turn red in the fall and can be easily spotted in the fall. In Minnesota, bushes are mostly under 2 feet tall and like to grow near roads and open sandy areas where blueberries and pin cherries grow.
      I like to harvest them when they are overripe and start drying on the bush. Then if you steep them in Everclear or other hard liquor, it will concentrate almondy flavor.

      Reply
      • Alan Bergo

        March 08, 2023 at 1:00 pm

        Great tips! Thanks Olena.

        Reply

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